We have already observed that div and h1 (or any header) tags are block-level elements by default. More on this later!Įach header element gets its own line, and if you change the background color for each, you can see they stretch to fill the entire width by default: Warning: the above code contains styling in the HTML known as inline styling, and you shouldn't do this most of the time. Basically, many common HTML elements, by default, start on their own line and take up the entire width of the parent elementĬonsider the following code, for example: The last topic for today is to understand what we mean by block-level and inline elements. We totes want to frame this, so use your CSS box model knowledge to make it look like the picture! Note that this picture is horizontally-centered, because why wouldn't you want this in the middle of your wall? Here is some starter code (in a CodePen) with a picture of a kitten. Box Model Practice ExampleĪs always, the true path to becoming a great developer is by getting your hands dirty and practicing yourself. On our page, if you right-click and select "inspect element" (shortcut, command + shift + i on Mac), you will get information about the HTML and styles, including a nice visualization of the actual box model in the bottom right! Best of all, things here are dynamic - try changing some of the CSS and watch it update on the page automatically.Ĭheck out Google Chrome's DevTools CSS tutorial here for more info. More info.Ĭhrome DevTools - A Web Dev's Best FriendĪ tool that is going to be indispensible for web development is going to be the Google Chrome DevTools HTML/CSS inspector. These can all be separated out into their own properties. The border is also shorthand: 5 pixels wide, solid border (as opposed to dashed or dotted), and the color is mediumvioletred obviously.Like padding, there are margin-top, margin-right, margin-left, and margin-bottom properties. Here it is 20 pixels for the top/bottom, and 50 pixels for the left/right. You can separate these out ( padding-top, padding-left, padding-right, padding-bottom) if you need to get more specific. It applies 10 pixels to top, bottom, left, and right. Also, margin will push up against other boxes and move them away.Ī couple of things to note about the CSS above: Very similar to padding, but on the other side of the border. Margin - the area surrounding the border. Set to 0 by default, so you have to add a border-width to make it visible. Border - an edge around the content, like a picture frame.Padding - the space surrounding the content before the border.The rest of the box model consists of layers surrounding the content box, which are, in order from inside out: The content box, which has height and width properties, is where the actual stuff appears. Image Source: Mozilla Developer Network Box Model DescriptionĮvery HTML element that is rendered on a webpage lives inside a retangular box. The box model is the backbone for CSS on most websites, and it is essential to understand before moving on to more advanced CSS topics you may have heard of like flexbox and grid. Now that we're clearer on classes and IDs, and we have some boilerplate code, we can start diving deeper into CSS. Classes, however, can be applied to many HTML elements. it should reference a single HTML element only. Well, an ID is designed to be unique in a webpage, i.e. Pretty intuitive once you get used to it! But what's the difference between a class and an ID? (That might be an entry-level interview question actually!).
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